Julián Zugazagoitia Mendieta (5 February 1899,

Bilbao ) , motto = , image_map = , mapsize = 275 px , map_caption = Interactive map outlining Bilbao , pushpin_map = Spain Basque Country#Spain#Europe , pushpin_map_caption ...

– 9 November 1940,

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...

) was a Spanish journalist and politician. A member of the

Spanish Socialist Workers' Party The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Socialista Obrero Español ; PSOE ) is a social-democraticThe PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources: * * * * political party in Spain. The PSOE has been in gove ...

, he was close to

Indalecio Prieto Indalecio Prieto Tuero (30 April 1883 – 11 February 1962) was a Spanish politician, a minister and one of the leading figures of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) in the years before and during the Second Spanish Republic. Early life ...

and the editor of the '' El Socialista'' in mid-1930s. In the first weeks of the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebelión, link ...

he wrote against the '' paseos'' and denounced the anarchist and communist secret prisons (''checas''). In October 1936 he wrote in ''El Socialista'': "The life of an adversary who surrenders is unassailable; no combatant can dispose of that life. That is not how the rebels behave. It matters not. It is how we should behave.". In May 1937 he was appointed by the prime minister,

Juan Negrín Juan Negrín López (; 3 February 1892 – 12 November 1956) was a Spanish politician and physician. He was a leader of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) and served as finance minister and ...

, as minister of Interior of the

Second Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, after the deposition of King Alfonso XIII, and was dissolved on 1 ...

. Because of the abduction and killing of

Andreu Nin Andreu Nin Pérez (4 February 1892 – 20 June 1937) was a Spanish communist politician, translator and publicist. In 1937, Nin and the rest of the POUM leadership were arrested by the Moscow-oriented government of the Second Spanish Republi ...

, he dismissed the Director General of Security, Antonio Ortega and threatened to resign as minister. In 1938, he supported the dissolution by force of the anarchist controlled, ''Consejo de Aragon''. He was replaced in May 1938, but in April 1938, he was appointed secretary of the ministry of defence. After the war, he fled to France, but in 1940 was arrested by the

Gestapo The (), abbreviated Gestapo (; ), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was created by Hermann Göring in 1933 by combining the various political police agencies of Prussia into one orga ...

, handed over to Spain and executed. In

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

he wrote a history about the Spanish Civil War: ''Historia de la guerra en España'', published in 1940.Jackson, Gabriel. (1967). ''The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939.'' Princeton University Press. Princeton. p.412

Notes

Bibliography

* Beevor, Antony. (2006). ''The battle for Spain. The Spanish civil war, 1936-1939.'' Penguin Books. London. . * Jackson, Gabriel. (1967). ''The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939.'' Princeton University Press. Princeton. *

Preston, Paul Sir Paul Preston CBE (born 21 July 1946) is an English historian and Hispanist, biographer of Francisco Franco, and specialist in Spanish history, in particular the Spanish Civil War, which he has studied for more than 30 years. He is the win ...

. (2006). ''The Spanish Civil War. Reaction, revolution & revenge.'' Harper Perennial. London. *Thomas, Hugh. (2001). ''The Spanish Civil War.'' Penguin Books. London. 1899 births 1940 deaths Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politicians Government ministers during the Second Spanish Republic Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction) Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in France People executed by Francoist Spain Executed Spanish people People from Bilbao Interior ministers of Spain Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Second Spanish Republic Exiled Spanish politicians {{Extremadura-politician-stub